Predictors of Response to Intravesical Therapy
Despite the 40-year reign of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as the most effective immunotherapy in urologic cancers, a lack of clinical tools to predict treatment response has hampered progress in the…
Identification of Candidates for Salvage Therapy
Disease progression and recurrence are common among patients on Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy, and options for bladder-preserving subsequent therapy remain limited. Ongoing efforts to develop better second-line bladder-sparing therapies rely…
Salvage Therapies for Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Who Will Respond to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin? Predictors and Nomograms
The best predictors of response to intravesical immunotherapy are tumor grade and stage, tumor recurrence pattern, nomograms, panels of urinary cytokines, and fluorescent in situ hybridization patterns of urine cytology…
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Salvage Therapy
High-risk non–muscle invasive bladder cancer is marked by frequent disease recurrences and risk of stage progression, contributing to high surveillance, treatment-related costs, and patient anxiety. Although the mainstay of high-risk…
Cutting-Edge Evaluation of Male Infertility
A male factor is a contributor in 50% of cases of infertility. Although assisted reproductive techniques can often bypass the need to improve semen parameters, the evaluation of the infertile…
Male Infertility and the Future of In Vitro Fertilization
The male contribution to infertility has traditionally been overlooked, or at best oversimplified. In recent years efforts have been made to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic techniques to maximize fertility outcomes….
Personalized Medicine in Infertile Men
Personalized medicine gathers the most relevant data involved in human health. Currently, the diagnosis of male infertility is limited to spermiogram, which does not provide information on the male fertile…
Spermatogonial Stem Cell Culture in Oncofertility
Infertility caused by chemotherapy or radiation treatments negatively impacts patient-survivor quality of life. The only fertility preservation option available to prepubertal boys who are not making sperm is cryopreservation of…
Male Infertility and Somatic Health
Somatic health is associated with male infertility; potential links between infertility and health may arise from genetic, developmental, and lifestyle factors. Studies have explored possible connections between male infertility and…
Transgenerational Epigenetics
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance provides a mechanism by which environmental exposures and lifestyle decisions can affect the offspring directly through the gamete. It is this pattern of inheritance that has shed…
