The cell cycle is one of the most important regulatory mechanisms of cellular growth and proliferation. Dysregulation of this pathway is thought to be the first step in carcinogenesis of…
Improved understanding of renal carcinoma disease biology has led to the discovery and approval of five novel therapies targeting specific molecules in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biochemical pathway….
Incidental small renal masses identified on imaging are increasingly investigated via needle core or fine needle aspiration biopsies with limited material provided for rendering a diagnosis. Lesions with a prominent…
The clinical management of bladder cancer has seen little change over the last three decades and there is pressing need to identify more effective treatments for advanced disease. Low clinical…
Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by complex networks of molecular alterations and gene expression. This review summarizes some of the recent genomic studies that have further advanced the…
The standard of care for detection and surveillance of bladder cancer consists of cytology and cystoscopy, but both examinations suffer from many limitations, including issues related to accuracy, invasiveness, and…
In light of the overdiagnosis and overtreatment associated with widespread prostate-specific antigen–based screening, controversy persists surrounding the detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Given its anatomic proximity to the…
A preponderance of clinical evidence supports a significant public health benefit for prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based screening and early detection of prostate cancer in appropriately counseled and selected men. Population-based screening…
Prostate cancer risk stratification based on conventional clinical and pathologic characteristics alone may misclassify a proportion of men at various stages of the disease process. Many gene-based assays have emerged…
The Prostate Health Index is a Food and Drug Administration–approved blood test combining total, free, and [-2]pro prostate-specific antigen with greater specificity than free and total prostate-specific antigen for clinically…
