Abdominal Key

A complicated urinary tract infection is that which occurs in a patient with an anatomically abnormal urinary tract or significant medical or surgical comorbidities. Whereas this definition may not cover…

Acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection and acute pyelonephritis are very common infections affecting many women throughout their lives. The determinants of infection have been well described and current strategies to…

Although reports have suggested the benefit of antioxidant treatment of infertile men, many studies also show no effect. Most studies in the literature are not randomized, placebo controlled, or double…

Until fairly recently, it had been assumed that paternal age had only a minor impact on reproductive outcome. Several recent provocative studies have raised the specter of a causal association…

Endocrine therapy for male infertility is broadly categorized as specific or nonspecific therapy. Although uncommon, primary endocrine diagnoses in infertile men are amenable to targeted therapy. The efficacy of empiric…

In vitro fertilization used in combination with intracytoplasmic sperm injection allows otherwise sterile couples to become parents. Despite recent studies on the safety of these technologies, there is still only…

Treatments for male factor infertility secondary to reconstructable obstructive azoospermia include either surgical reconstruction or direct sperm retrieval. We examine the risks and benefits of both types of therapies and…

In this article we define male subfertility, review clinical indications for the use of intrauterine insemination, evaluate insemination preparation and administration technique, and ultimately advocate for its use as a…