The evolution of robotic single-port dedicated platforms
1.1 Introduction While the idea of using a “single port” for diagnostic and simple interventions has been in place in the surgical field for many decades, it was only in…
9. Gastroenterology
It is estimated that the population of human gut microbiome is around 100 trillion bacterial cells. That would mean there are more bacterial cells inside us than our own human…
6. Nephrology
Being stranded in the middle of a vast ocean is life’s biggest irony of eventual death—being surrounded by water everywhere, but to die due to lack of water. This happens…
Glomerular and Vascular Disorders
Glomerular and Vascular Disorders Sharon G. Adler Cynthia C. Nast Tiane Dai Phuong-Thu T. Pham Phuong-Chi T. Pham GENERAL PRINCIPLES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GLOMERULAR DISEASES Kidney Biopsy Kidney biopsy…
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Ashita J. Tolwani Phuong-Chi T. Pham BACKGROUND Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is beneficial for hemodynamically unstable patients and generally provides better volume control than intermittent…
Kidney Transplantation
Kidney Transplantation Phuong-Thu T. Pham Phuong-Chi T. Pham Michelle J. Hickey Jonathan E. Zuckerman EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL KIDNEY TRANSPLANT CANDIDATE Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for suitable…
Acute Kidney Injury/Intensive Care Unit Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury/Intensive Care Unit Nephrology Phuong-Chi T. Pham Son V. Pham Cynthia C. Nast Phuong-Anh T. Pham Phuong-Thu T. Pham ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Clinical Impact of Acute Kidney Injury…
Tubular, Interstitial, and Cystic Disorders
Tubular, Interstitial, and Cystic Disorders Phuong-Chi T. Pham Monica Deshmuk Cynthia C. Nast Phuong-Truc T. Pham Phuong-Thu T. Pham RENAL TUBULAR DISORDERS AND FANCONI SYNDROME Fanconi Syndrome Proximal tubular dysfunction…
Pharmacology
Pharmacology Phuong-Thu T. Pham Phuong-Mai T. Pham Erik Lawrence Lum Theodore M. Sievers PHARMACOKINETICS Key Concepts Bioavailability, volume of distribution, plasma clearance, half-life Bioavailability Bioavailability is the percentage or portion…
Transplant Immunobiology
Transplant Immunobiology Michelle J. Hickey Phuong-Chi T. Pham Phuong-Thu T. Pham BACKGROUND ABO blood group is the most important tissue barrier to successful kidney transplantation, followed by major histocompatibility complex…
