Indications Print Section Listen Resectable esophageal carcinoma. Barrett esophagus with high-grade dysplasia. Carcinoma of the cardia or proximal stomach. Achalasia. Advanced disease (mega-esophagus). Failed esophagomyotomy. Benign (undilatable) stricture. Recurrent hiatal…
Indications Print Section Listen Tumors may be functional (ie, a clinical syndrome of excessive levels of such hormones as insulin, gastrin, VIP, somatostatin, and glucagon) or nonfunctional (ie, normal serum…
Indications Print Section Listen General Indications Clinically or biochemically apparent adrenal hormonal hyperfunction. Possible or certain malignant adrenal mass. Adrenal mass of uncertain significance. Specific Conditions and Disease States Primary…
Indications Print Section Listen Thyroid Lobectomy Unilateral toxic nodule. Solitary adenoma or cyst. Total Thyroidectomy Thyroid carcinoma. Graves’ disease. Hashimoto thyroiditis. Multinodular goiter. Substernal goiter. Neck Dissection Locally advanced head…
Indications Print Section Listen Symptomatic Fractures (especially vertebral compression fractures). Nephrolithiasis. Severe neuromuscular weakness. Easy fatigability. Loss of stamina. Sleep disturbance. Depression. Memory loss. Pancreatitis. History of an episode of…
Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as ‘the inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual intercourse’ (NIH Consensus Development Panel on Impotence, 1993), and was…
Introduction Bladder cancer ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in men and tenth leading cause in women in the United States (Parkin et al., 2002). A delay…
Introduction Prostate cancer is the most common non-dermatological malignancy among British men. Almost 25 000 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer in the UK in 1999 and nearly 10 000…
Introduction Lower urinary tract symptoms or ‘LUTS’, is a descriptive term for a symptom complex which is often characterized by bothersome voiding. The investigation of LUTS is an excellent example…
Definitions Urinary tract infection (UTI) is currently defined as the inflammatory response of the urothelium to bacterial invasion usually associated with bacteriuria and pyuria. Bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria…
