Mast Cells in Kidney Regeneration
Outline Introduction 103 Basic Biology of Mast Cells 104 Origin, Tissue Distribution and Heterogeneity of Mast Cells 104 Mast Cell Mediators 105 Receptors Expressed by Mast Cells 107 Model Systems…
Role of Macrophages in Renal Injury, Repair and Regeneration
Outline Introduction 125 Injury, Repair and Regeneration of the Kidney 125 Macrophage Phenotype 126 Macrophages in Different Disease Models 127 Classically Activated Macrophages in Adriamycin Nephropathy 127 Wound-healing (IL-4/IL-13-stimulated, M2a)…
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Outline Introduction 153 The Mesenchymal Stem Cell 153 Amniotic Fluid-derived Stem Cells 154 Bone Marrow Plasticity and Renal Repair 154 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Renal Injury and Accelerate Repair 156…
T-cell Contribution to Injury and Regenerative Processes in Kidney Diseases: Focus on Regulatory T Cells
Outline Overview of T Cells in Kidney Diseases 141 Glomerulonephritis 143 Immune-mediated Glomerulonephritis 143 Non-immune-mediated Glomerulonephritis 143 Acute Kidney Injury 144 Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury 144 Sepsis-induced Acute Kidney Injury…
Catalytic (Labile) Iron in Kidney Disease
Introduction Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease, treatment for kidney disease remains unsatisfactory. In this chapter, we briefly recount the importance…
Renal Physiology and Disease in Pregnancy
The urinary system, volume homeostasis, osmoregulation, and composition of body fluids are all altered in normal pregnancy. There are also hemodynamic changes involving cardiac output and blood pressure. Knowledge of…
Homeostasis of Solute and Water by the Transplanted Kidney
This chapter analyzes the capacity of the transplanted kidney to transport solute and water. The intrinsic capacity of the transplanted kidney to regulate glomerular filtration rate (GFR), to exhibit T-G…
Pathogenesis and Treatment of Nephrolithiasis
Kidney Stones A majority of patients form stones containing calcium oxalate (CaOx) and calcium phosphate (CaP). Of these most form predominantly CaOx stones in the absence of systemic disease, so…
Cellular Mechanisms of Drug Nephrotoxicity
This review will trace the general mechanisms of renal cell injury before focusing on selected specific nephrotoxins that demonstrate the key principles of injury. Potentially, all of the cellular events…
Immunologic Mechanisms of Vasculitis
The kidneys are among the organs most commonly affected by systemic vasculitis. This chapter reviews the etiology and pathogenesis of forms of vasculitis that most often affect the kidneys. The…
