Abdominal Key

Definition Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is an uncommon syndrome characterized by excessive gastrointestinal protein loss and results from a wide variety of abnormalities ( Box 33-1 ). It leads mainly to…

Three decades ago, pediatric gastritis and peptic ulcer disease lacked a putative microbial causative agent. Pediatric flexible upper endoscopy was becoming more available. In 1983, Warren and Marshall proposed that…

Many of the common digestive signs and symptoms of pediatrics, including diarrhea and weight loss, are the result of disruption of either nutrient digestion or absorption. As such, maldigestion and…

The small and large intestines are contiguous and occupy most of the abdominal cavity. Working in concert, and with remarkable efficiency, they are responsible for several complex functions including digestion…

Gastric Motor Physiology The stomach is a muscular hollow organ that is functionally divided into proximal and distal regions, each serving a distinct purpose. The fundus and a portion of…

The term bezoar comes from the Persian word badzehr , which refers to the material found in sacrificed animals such as goats. In ancient times, this material was thought to…

Embryology A general understanding of the embryologic development of the stomach is essential to the management of congenital and acquired surgical disorders of the stomach. The primordial stomach is a…

Gastritis, gastropathy, and peptic ulcer diseases in children are a spectrum of acid-related disorders that can affect the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. This chapter focuses on gastroduodenal acid–related peptic diseases…

The gastrointestinal tract begins as a primitive tubular system and is one of the first organs to polarize the embryo by forming an entry and exit with an anterior and…

Esophageal Symptoms Pathologic processes in the pediatric esophagus can result in a variety of symptoms. These range from the classic esophageal symptoms of heartburn, odynophagia, dysphagia, chest pain, and regurgitation…