Molecular Genetics of Liver Diseases Rondell P. Graham, MBBS 23.1 INTRODUCTION Molecular techniques are increasingly used in the characterization of diseases and specimens in clinical practice and research. These scientific…
Drug Effects Michael S. Torbenson, MD 15.1 OVERVIEW The acronym DILI, which stands for “drug-induced liver injury”, is commonly used in the literature on drug reactions. In the United States,…
Iron Overload and Liver Pathology Vishal S. Chandan, MD Michael S. Torbenson, MD 17.1 INTRODUCTION The medical community has recognized that iron accumulation causes liver disease for several hundred years,…
Pediatric Cholestatic Liver Disease Marcela Salomao, MD 14.1 INTRODUCTION Pediatric cholestatic liver diseases are a heterogeneous group of illnesses, including infections, metabolic disorders, congenital malformations, and many others.1 Liver biopsy…
Autoimmune Hepatitis Rish K. Pai, MD, PhD 12.1 INTRODUCTION Autoimmune hepatitis is defined as an unresolving hepatitis characterized by an aberrant immune response against self-liver antigens. This aberrant immune response…
Parasites in the Liver Bobbi S. Pritt, MD, MSc 9.1 INTRODUCTION Parasites are an important cause of infections in the liver and biliary tract and are responsible for significant morbidity…
Granulomatous Liver Disease Vishal S. Chandan, MD Tsung-Teh Wu, MD, PhD 11.1 INTRODUCTION Granulomas are localized collections of macrophages and other inflammatory cells, such as lymphocytes, that usually develop in…
Viral Hepatitis Roger K. Moreira, MD Douglas A. Simonetto, MD 8.1 GRADING AND STAGING OVERVIEW In a fashion somewhat analogous to tumor pathology—where grade refers to features that reflect disease…
Other Infections of the Liver Michael S. Torbenson, MD 10.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses nonviral and nonparasitic infections of the liver, though infections that are primarily granulomatous are discussed with…
The Almost Normal Liver Biopsy Michael S. Torbenson, MD 7.1 OVERVIEW Liver biopsies can sometimes be almost normal on histological examination, even when performed for clinical indication. The clinical indication…
