Outline Introduction Growth in Surgical Neonates Surgical Stress Response to Operative Trauma and Critical Illness Energy Requirements During Stress Macronutrient Metabolism and Requirements During Stress Micronutrient Metabolism and Requirements Fluid…
Outline Introduction Structure and Composition Digestion and Absorption Functions Prebiotic Functions Antiinfective Functions Immune Regulation Somatic Growth Reduced Severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Intestinal Adaptation Neurodevelopment Randomized Controlled Trials in Healthy,…
Outline Introduction History of Donor Milk Current State of Milk Banking Nutrient and Bioactive Composition of Donor Milk Strengths and Challenges of Conducting and Comparing Donor Milk Trials Outcomes of…
Outline Introduction Embryologic Aspects of Motility Development Pharyngo-esophageal Motility Reflexes in Human Neonates Maturation of Esophageal Peristalsis and Upper Esophageal Sphincter and Lower Esophageal Sphincter Functions Maturation of Basal and…
Outline Introduction Lipids and Fatty Acids Maintaining Function and Health Mechanisms and Significance of Fatty Acid Alterations in Cystic Fibrosis Defects in Fatty Acid Metabolism Pancreatic Insufficiency and Lipid Maldigestion…
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Michael S. Torbenson, MD 28.1 DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY Hepatocellular carcinoma is defined as a malignant epithelial tumor that (1) originates in the liver, (2) is differentiated toward hepatocytes…
Hematopathology and the Liver Michael S. Torbenson Ellen D. McPhail 30.1 OVERVIEW The liver can be involved by reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and by various hematological malignancies. The appropriate diagnosis can…
Metastatic Tumors in the Liver Lizhi Zhang, MD 31.1 INTRODUCTION The liver is one of the most common organs involved by metastases. In fact, metastatic tumors are the most common…
Vascular Disorders Lizhi Zhang, MD 21.1 INTRODUCTION The liver has a dual blood supply. The portal vein provides approximately two-thirds of blood flow to the liver, with blood that is…
Wilson Disease and Other Inherited Metabolic Diseases of Liver Lizhi Zhang, MD 18.1 INTRODUCTION Metabolic dysfunction of liver can be due to several causes. Congenital deficiency of a specific enzyme…
