Depth of invasion Lymphatic invasion Maximum tumor diameter (cm) ≤1 1.1–2 2.1–3 3.1–4 4.1–5 ≥5.1 pT1 SM1 No 3.0 3.6 4.4 5.4 6.6 8.1 Yes 5.2 6.4 7.7 9.4 11.4…
Fig. 4.1 (a–e) Embryonic bowel rotation . The embryologic bowel is extra-abdominal and undergoes counter-clockwise rotation to be sealed to the lateral attachments along the line of Toldt Fig. 4.2…
Fig. 19.1 (a) Robotic sigmoid Si port placement for anticipated splenic flexure takedown. (b) Robotic left/sigmoid colectomy, da Vinci Xi® (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) port placement Figure 19.1b shows…
ASA PS classification Definition Examples, including, but not limited to: ASA I A normal healthy patient Healthy, non-smoking, no or minimal alcohol use ASA II A patient with mild systemic…
References Operation Study design Sample size No. of leaks Definition Test Timing Ambrosetti et al. [71] CR Cohort 199 5 (3) No WS contrast Routinely on day 9–11 Biondo et…
Author (year) Type of study Sample size TPS/EPS Primary surgery Median follow-up (months) Outcomes (TPS vs. EPS) Hamada et al. (2012) [32] Retrospective 37 APR 24 33.3 vs. 4.5% (p = 0.031)…
Fig. 16.1 Laparoscopic port setup : three 5 mm ports and a 12 mm port Adhesiolysis and Intestinal Dissection The extent and density of adhesions can vary significantly from case…
Classification Definition Non-severe WBC <15 and Cr <1.5 Severe WBC ≥15 and/or Cr ≥1.5 Fulminant Hypotension, shock, ileus, megacolon Data from: McDonald et al. [8] Given the poor outcomes with…
Anastomosis appearance on endoscopy Grade 1: No ischemia or congestion Grade 2: <30% ischemia or congestion Grade 3: >30% ischemia or congestion Patients 92 10 4 Leaks (%) 9…
Fig. 22.1 (a–d) Endorectal ultrasound in rectal cancer staging. The sonographic 5-layer structure of the rectal wall consists of 3 hyperechoic layers (interface between the balloon and mucosa, submucosa, and perirectal…
