Cytokines as Active Factors in Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors N IL-1 IL-2 sIL-2R IL-4 IL-5 IL-7 IL-8 IL-10 IL-12 IL-13 IL-18 IFN-γ TNF-α VEGF MCD Garin [89] 12 ↑ Cho [76] 19? ↑ ↔ Wada [110] 3 ND …
Podocytes as a Direct Target of Drugs Used in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Fig. 13.1 Signalling pathways targeted by different drugs in podocytes. The glomerular capillary wall comprises of three components: glomerular endothelial cells, GBM (glomerular basement membrane) and podocytes. With its unique…
Cytokines as Active Factors in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
35. Savin VJ, McCarthy ET, Sharma R, Charba D, Sharma M. Galactose binds to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis permeability factor and inhibits its activity. Transl Res. 2008;151:288–92. doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2008.04.001.PubMed 36. McCarthy ET,…
Regulatory T Cells and Oxidative Stress in Minimal Change Nephropathy
Ref. TNFα IL2 IL1β IL4 IL6 IL8 IL10 IL12 IL13 IFN-γ Surany et al. [14] Serum + Serum − Serum − − Garin et al. [19] Cell mRNA + Serum…
Energy and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) in Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Fig. 5.1 Protein synthesis system: Protein production is regulated and orchestrated by two signaling pathways: mTORC1 and UPR. Both pathways require ATP as an energetic currency, in which mTORC1 activation…
Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
© Springer Japan 2016Kazunari Kaneko (ed.)Molecular Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome10.1007/978-4-431-55270-3_9 9. Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Jochen Reiser1 and Nada Alachkar2 (1) Department of Medicine, Rush University…
History of Research on Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
© Springer Japan 2016Kazunari Kaneko (ed.)Molecular Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome10.1007/978-4-431-55270-3_1 1. History of Research on Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Kazunari Kaneko1 (1) Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi,…
Renal Transplantation Clinical Trials: A Critical Appraisal
Parameters Yes No Comment Validity Is the randomization procedure well described? +1 142 on cyclosporine + steroids versus 149 best therapy at the time mostly azathioprine + steroids Double blinded? −2 Unblinded trial, thus…
Diabetic Nephropathy Clinical Trials: A Critical Appraisal
Parameters Yes No Comment Validity Is the Randomization Procedurewell described? +1 Randomization was by means of centrally produced, computer-generated therapy allocations in sealed, opaque envelopes which were opened in sequence…
Hemodialysis Clinical Trials: A Critical Appraisal
Parameters Yes No Comment Validity Is the Randomization Procedure well described? +1 Yes. Permuted-block design stratified according to center Double blinded? −2 No Is the sample size calculation described/adequate? +3 …
