Vascular causes Arteriovenous malformations Renal hemangioma Renal vein hypertension Nutcracker syndrome Renal arteriovenous fistula Renal arteriopelvic fistula Nonvascular causes Bleeding diathesis Exercise-induced (“march”) hematuria Renal papillary necrosis Endometriosis Renal ptosis…
Fig. 14.1 High incidence angles cause by bending of the light Flexible Ureteroscope Design: Impact on Fiber Performance Flexible ureteroscopes are capable of high degrees of both primary and secondary…
Trial Magnetic removal (s) Basket removal (s) Difference (s) Stones in ureteral orifice (magnetic, basket) 1 257 555a 298 1, 1 2 413 410 −3 2, 1 3 235 730…
Indwelling preoperative stent No preoperative stent Male 13/15 F or 14/16 F, 45 cm 11/13 F or 12/14 F, 45 cm Female 13/15 F or 14/16 F, 35 cm…
Fig. 27.1 The basic structure of laser includes a gain medium, a resonant optical cavity, and an external energy source which excites the gain medium. The resonant cavity is formed…
Fig. 32.1 Intraoperative ultrasound monitoring of flexible ureteroscopy Lithotripsy Given the risks entailed and personnel and resources assembled, it is advisable to have appropriate tools for lithotripsy on hand. A…
Fig. 13.1 Electrohydraulic lithotrite Due in part to the higher risk of ureteral perforation, the use of EHL for the treatment of ureteral stones was largely supplanted by the other…
Task 1 3 5 Identify anatomy No knowledge Moderate identification 100% identification Endoscopic maneuvers Significant trauma, trouble with luminal view Rare trauma, reasonable luminal view No trauma, excellent luminal view…
2. Bader MJ, Sroka R, Gratzke C, et al. Laser therapy for upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma: indications and management. Eur Urol. 2009;56(1):65–71.CrossRef 3. Patel RC, Newman RC. Ureteroscopic…
Fig. 33.1 Display of flexibility of flexible fiber-optic ureteroscope (a) 180°, (b) 360° Our Approach Preoperative Although ureteroscopic treatment is planned, the possibility of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and/or laparoscopy should always…
