Medication Mechanism (receptor) Dose Available routes Limitations/adverse Promethazine Dopamine (D1, D2) Histamine (H1) 12.5–25 mg q4 hours Oral, liquid, rectal, IM, IV Somnolence, QT prolongation, tardive dyskinesia Prochlorperazine Dopamine (D1,…
!DOCTYPE html> © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020A. Ibele, J. Gould (eds.)Gastroparesishttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28929-4_6 6. Gastric Electrical Stimulation Andrew Kastenmeier1 (1) Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA Andrew Kastenmeier Email: akastenm@mcw.edu…
Fig. 2.1 Magnified image of normal mucosa in colon. We can recognize roundish pits as normal crypts Fig. 2.2 Typical type II pit pattern consists of star-like or onion-skin-like surface…
Fig. 13.1 cTis(M) cancer or cT1(SM) cancer treatment strategy based on the JSCCR Guidelines for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer 2016 13.2 Current Additional Surgical Resection Criteria for Endoscopic Resected…
Fig. 4.1 Theory of blue laser imaging (BLI) and white light imaging (WLI) made from laser endoscopy 4.3 Tumor Characterization NBI and pit pattern observation are the gold standard for…
Fig. 5.1 The normal colonic wall is visualized as a nine-layered structure by EUS (HFUP). The first three echo layers, mucosa; the fourth thin, hypoechoic layer, muscularis mucosa; the fifth…
Fig. 12.1 Representative images of submucosal invasive colorectal cancer (SICRC) at (a) low and (b) high magnifications. (c) Desmin immunostaining. Note that muscularis mucosa is clearly found, although the narrow…
Fig. 3.1 The NBI International Colorectal Endoscopic (NICE) classification Table 3.1 Performance characteristics of the NICE classification for high-confidence prediction NICE 1 vs. 2 NICE 2 vs. 3 Prediction…
Total of colorectal ESD (n = 1902) Colorectal ESD for the T1b lesion (n = 169) R0 resection rate 1833 (96.4%) 125 (74.0%) Curative resection rate 1665 (87.5%) – Regarding tumor morphology, laterally…
Univariate analyses with Mann-Whitney U Colonoscopic findings p Value Colonoscopic findings p Value Comprehensive view Property of the tumor surroundings Expansion appearance 0.0369 Converging folds towards the tumor…
