Biliary Tree Stones
Fig. 4.1 The flow-chart shows the decision-making process in case of symptomatic cholelithiasis associated to the clinical or instrumental suspicion of common bile duct stones References 1. Cetta F (1986)…
Establishing Pneumoperitoneum: What Is the Safest Technique for Pneumoperitoneum?
32. Zakherah MS (2010) Direct trocar versus veress needle entry for laparoscopy: a randomized clinical trial. Gynecol Obstet Invest 69:260–263PubMedCrossRef 33. Prieto-Díaz-Chávez E, Medina-Chávez JL, González-Ojeda A, Anaya-Prado R, Trujillo-Hernández…
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Training, Learning Curve, and Definition of Expert
Ferdinando Agresta, Fabio Cesare Campanile and Nereo Vettoretto (eds.)Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy2014An Evidence-Based Guide10.1007/978-3-319-05407-0_11 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014 11. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Training, Learning Curve, and Definition of Expert Domenico Marchi1 , Maria Grazia Esposito2 , Ivan G. Gentile1 and Francesco Gilio3 (1) Chirurgia Generale,…
The hepatitis B-positive patient
Chapter 36 THE HEPATITIS B-POSITIVE PATIENT KEY POINTS • Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is common, affecting approximately 3.5 million people worldwide. • There are three antigens and each…
Obesity surgery
Chapter 27 OBESITY SURGERY KEY POINTS • Morbid obesity is increasingly prevalent in all developed and developing countries. • Bariatric (weight-loss) surgery is the only treatment shown to cause measurable…
Cholestasis and jaundice
Chapter 32 CHOLESTASIS AND JAUNDICE KEY POINTS • Biliary, hepatocellular and systemic conditions may all cause cholestasis and jaundice. • Elevated bilirubin and cholestatic enzymes (ALP and GGT) suggest a…
Pregnancy and liver disease
Chapter 48 PREGNANCY AND LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • During pregnancy expect a 10%–60% drop in serum albumin and a 2–4-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase. • The transaminases and clotting…
End-stage liver disease
Chapter 46 END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • End-stage liver disease is a complication of cirrhosis that is due to a variety of aetiologies, including chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver…
A family history of liver disease
Chapter 42 A FAMILY HISTORY OF LIVER DISEASE SUMMARY • The current status in the understanding of genetic and environmental factors in selected hepatobiliary diseases is discussed. • These include…
Nutrition in patients with liver disease
Chapter 45 NUTRITION IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • Malnutrition is prevalent among patients with liver disease. • Malnutrition is associated with higher risk of developing complications of…
