Colorectal cancer screening
Chapter 18 COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING KEY POINTS • Colorectal (CRC) screening can reduce incidence and mortality from CRC by up to 90%. • All average subjects aged 50 years and…
Heartburn, acid regurgitation and Barrett’s oesophagus
Chapter 3 HEARTBURN, ACID REGURGITATION AND BARRETT’S OESOPHAGUS KEY POINTS • Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is defined as a condition that develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome…
Acute diarrhoea
Chapter 15 ACUTE DIARRHOEA KEY POINTS • Acute infectious diarrhoea is common worldwide and is responsible for significant patient hospitalisation and mortality. • Acute diarrhoea is defined as an increase…
Challenging constipation
Chapter 14 CHALLENGING CONSTIPATION KEY POINTS • Constipation is a symptom not a diagnosis. • There are three subtypes of functional constipation (no structural or biochemical cause): slow transit constipation,…
Sore mouth
Chapter 1 SORE MOUTH KEY POINTS • The commonest fungal infection in the mouth is Candida albicans. Always look for a predisposing factor (systemic disease, drugs, diabetes or HIV infection)….
Irritable bowel syndrome
Chapter 9 IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME KEY POINTS • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent condition affecting 15% of the population. • IBS is defined by chronic or relapsing…
Cancer of the pancreas and pancreatic cystic lesions
Chapter 13 CANCER OF THE PANCREAS AND PANCREATIC CYSTIC LESIONS KEY POINTS • Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive cancer with a low survival time: 10%–15% survival at 5 years. •…
Chronic pancreatitis
Chapter 12 CHRONIC PANCREATITIS KEY POINTS • Chronic pancreatitis, chronic inflammation of the pancreas, is characterised by progressive irreversible loss of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine function. • Chronic pancreatits manifests…
Food allergies and intolerances
Chapter 10 FOOD ALLERGIES AND INTOLERANCES KEY POINTS • Food allergies may affect up to 6% of the population. • Food allergies are adverse reactions to foods mediated by the…
Haematemesis and melaena
Chapter 8 HAEMATEMESIS AND MELAENA KEY POINTS • Resuscitation should be instituted irrespective of the underlying cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. • A multidisciplinary approach to management is key. • Patients…
