(i) Anal fissures (xvi) Rectal endometriosis (ii) Hemorrhoidal and varicose ulcer (xvii) Injury: (iii) Ulcer with mucosal prolapse Self-inflicted (iv) Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis Iatrogenic (v) Proctitis: Anal intercourse…
Grade Type of injury Description of injury I Hematoma Contusion or hematoma without devascularization Laceration Partial-thickness laceration II Laceration Laceration <50% of circumference III Laceration Laceration >50% of circumference IV…
Fig. 1.1 Anatomy of anorectum It is angulated at junction with the rectum because the pull of the sling-like action of puborectalis muscle forms anorectal angle (Fig. 1.2). It lies…
Fig. 2.1 Reflex mechanisms involved in defecation process The internal sphincter, the external sphincter, and the levator ani constitute the motor components. The internal sphincter unconsciously maintains continence by its…
(1) Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan KeywordsLaparoscopic sigmoidectomyFusion fasciaFascial composition 3.1 Introduction Laparoscopic sigmoidectomy (LapS) involves the basic procedures of the laparoscopic surgery. However, many…
(1) Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan KeywordsLaparoscopic low anterior resection of the rectumFascial compositionThe fascia propria of the rectumDenonvilliers’ fascia 4.1 Introduction Outcomes of rectal…
(1) Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan KeywordsLaparoscopic left colectomyFascial compositionFusion fasciaSubperitoneal fascia 7.1 Introduction In laparoscopic left colectomy (LapLC), the mobilization of the sigmoid colon…
(1) Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan KeywordsLaparoscopic right colectomyFascial compositionFusion fasciaSubperitoneal fascia 6.1 Introduction In the laparoscopic right colectomy (LapRC) surgical technique (including ileocaecal resection),…
(1) Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan KeywordsLaparoscopic abdominoperineal resection of the rectumCircumferential resection marginWaistingShafix’s conceptKraske operation 5.1 Introduction In the treatment of rectal cancer, the…
(1) Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan KeywordsColorectal cancerFascial compositionFusion fasciaVascular anatomy of the colon 1.1 Introduction Laparoscopic surgery is generally performed for digestive diseases. Laparoscopic…
