Fig. 7.1 Type III achalasia: defined as elevated median IRP >15 mmHg, no normal peristalsis, and premature (spastic) contractions with a distal contractile integral (DCI) >450 mmHg.s.cm, and with ≥20% of swallows which…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017John R. Romanelli, David J. Desilets and David B. Earle (eds.)NOTES and Endoluminal SurgeryClinical Gastroenterology10.1007/978-3-319-50610-4_1 1. The History of NOTES John R. Romanelli1 and David B. Earle2 (1) Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical…
Fig. 20.1 (a, b) A vertical incision is made over the vaginal wall, extending anterior to the bladder base and posterior to the prerectal area Fig. 20.2 (a, b) Using…
Image 1.1 Prolapse identified on the dependent examination (Photo Elise J.B. De) Prolapse staging on physical examination has been reported according to a few staging systems. The most common in…
Image 3.1 Bladder neck level on the anterior vaginal wall is marked with a marking pen after placing a Foley catheter with 10 cc into the balloon to identify the…
Fig. 18.1 Healed labia 1 year later. Discrete scar with no bothersomeness reported by patient, including with sexual activity Image 18.1 Completed urethrolysis Step 1: A vertical incision (average 8…
Fig. 2.1 Male versus female cystourethroscope tip comparison. The female tip prevents escape of irrigant and allows better urethral lumen distension Fig. 2.2 Female urethrocystoscope Fig. 2.3 Better view: Pathology…
Fig. 7.1 Grade II uterine prolapse (Baden-Walker), Grade III cystocele As planned, she returned for fluoroscopic urodynamic studies (FUDS) with and without vaginal packing. Post void residuals were high with…
Fig. 6.1 Anterior vaginal wall prolapse with loss of rugal folds, more consistent with a midline defect The objective of the anterior colporrhaphy is to fold and tighten the layers…
Fig. 17.1 (a) Fistula exposure. (b) Foley catheter within fistula can apply traction. Note the inverted T incision Fistula closure— Define the fistula by blue dye test if not done…
