Primary CIPO • Sporadic or familial forms of hollow visceral myopathy/neuropathy (e.g., megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome) [7, 28–45] • Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) [19, 46–48] • Hirschsprung disease [49–51] • Neuropathy associated with multiple endocrine…
Fig. 8.1 Examples of conventional (a) and spatiotemporal plot (b) of normal migrating motor complex (MMC) recorded in a child with recurrent vomiting. All three phases (phase I, phase II,…
Age <4 years Developmental age of ≥4 years Rome III criteria • <3 defecations per week • <3 defecations in the toilet per week • ≥1 episode of fecal incontinence per week after…
Fig. 4.1 Spinal and vagal innervation of the gastrointestinal tract. Upper portion: sensory information from vagal receptors is carried by vagal afferent nerves (1) with nerve cell bodies in the…
and Annamaria Staiano2 (1) Section of Pediatrics, Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy (2) Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples…
Fig. 50.1 Laparotomy for chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction Performing intestinal full-thickness biopsies at different levels for histopathologic analysis Performing an enterostomy according to the level of intestinal distension In reality, in…
Reference n Mean age (range) Number of reflux episodes/24 h Reflux index (% time pH < 4) (%) Infants Vandenplas et al. [14] 509 2 months (0–11 month) 73 11.7…
Diagnostic criteriaa must include all of the following: 1. Excessive air swallowing 2. Abdominal distention due to intraluminal air which increases during the day 3. Repetitive belching and/or increased flatus 4. After appropriate evaluation,…
Fig. 13.1 Schematic diagram of a barostat and catheter Because visceral sensitivity relies on wall pressure and not on volume of the organ [1, 2], sensory thresholds should be expressed…
Fig. 11.1 (a) HRM color plot of a normal liquid swallow in a 5-year-old child. Pressure is an indication according to color code illustrated. (b) Lateral radiological view of the…
