Fig. 2.1 Sporadic cancer of the colon. High-definition white-light endoscopy (a), chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine spraying on the target lesion (b), and corresponding narrow-band imaging with magnification (c). Boundary of…
Fig. 14.1 (a) Colonoscopy revealed small white dots with hyperemia in the ascending colon. (b) Colonoscopy revealed loss of the vascular pattern, granular mucosa, and diffuse hyperemia in the sigmoid…
Fig. 12.1 Enteroscopic view of acute mesenteric ischemia due to aortic and SMA dissection in the proximal jejunum 12.1.3 Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations Ischemic strictures occur in…
Fig. 20.1 Algorithm for small-bowel examination for OGIB For vascular lesions, an endoscopic classification of small intestinal vascular lesions (Yano–Yamamoto classification, Table 20.1) [4] is useful for selecting the hemostatic…
Fig. 22.1 Preoperative small intestinal examination with contrast material via a long tube. Multiple strictures with intestinal dilation as shell signs are found at the ileum Fig. 22.2 Findings of…
Visible dysplasia Polypoid Pedunculated Sessile Nonpolypoid Superficial elevated Flat Depressed Invisible dysplasia Fig. 21.1 Endoscopic features of dysplasia 21.2.3 Step Biopsy Dysplastic lesions may be overlooked because those in UC…
Fig. 10.1 Transverse versus longitudinal ulcer. The most characteristic colonoscopic findings for intestinal TB are transverse ulcers (10.1.1), in contrast to the longitudinal ulcers observed in Crohn’s disease (10.1.2) Fig….
Fig. 8.1 Typical endoscopic findings of CD. Cobblestone appearance in the colon (a). Longitudinal ulcer in the colon (b). Scar formation of longitudinal ulcers (mucosal healing) (c) Fig. 8.2 Endoscopic…
Ileum Right colon Transverse colon Sigmoid/left colon Rectum Deep ulceration (0 if non, 12 point if present) (0 or 12) (0 or 12) (0 or 12) (0 or 12)…
Etiology known – Infection – Small intestinal ischemia – Ulcer in Meckel’s diverticulum – Drug-induced enteropathy Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Anti-cancer drugs – Radiation enteritis – Enteritis in association with…
