Nonerosive Reflux Disease (NERD)
Fig. 10.1 A diagnostic algorithm for NERD in patients on PPI treatment based on Rome IV criteria (adapted from [12]) Fig. 10.2 A diagnostic algorithm for NERD in patients off…
Esophageal Chest Pain: Esophageal Spasm
Motility disorder Contractility pattern Associated features Conventional manometry [5] Distal esophageal spasm >10% simultaneous contractions • Intermittent normal peristalsis • Spontaneous contractions • Repetitive contractions • Multi-peaked contractions Nutcracker esophagus Elevated mean distal wave…
Chest Pain of Esophageal Origin and Reflux Hypersensitivity
Fig. 3.1 The approach to patients with GERD symptoms not responding to medical therapy. *The optimal proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dose threshold to define failure of acid suppression is unknown….
The Wireless Motility Capsule
Fig. 34.1 The wireless motility capsule system (Smartpill). (a) The capsule. (b) The data receiver and the display software. Used with the permission of Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland Indications for the…
Barrett’s Esophagus: Am I Going to Get Cancer? What Should I Do to Avoid It?
Fig. 13.1 Gastrointestinal junction under white light endoscopy (WLE) showing intestinal metaplasia consistent with Barrett’s esophagus with a nodule Chromoendoscopy Chromoendoscopy uses the topical application of dyes or contrast agents…
Fecal Incontinence
Anal sphincter weakness • Injury—obstetric trauma, related to surgical procedures, e.g., hemorrhoidectomy internal sphincterotomy, fistulotomy, anorectal infection • Non-traumatic—scleroderma, internal sphincter thinning of unknown etiology Neuropathy—stretch injury, obstetric trauma, diabetes mellitus Anatomical…
Aspiration Pneumonia/Bronchitis
Fig. 17.1 Phases of swallowing Swallowing is finely coordinated with respiration in order to prevent aspiration, and swallowing is dominant over respiration in health. Physical closure of the laryngeal vestibule,…
Erosive Esophagitis
Fig. 8.1 Example of grade C esophagitis Table 8.1 Los Angeles classification of reflux esophagitis [1] Grade A One or more mucosal breaks no longer than 5 mm, not bridging…
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018Eytan Bardan and Reza Shaker (eds.)Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59352-4_38 38. Irritable Bowel Syndrome Yehudith Assouline-Dayan1 (1) Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City,…
Functional Anorectal Pain/Tenesmus
Fig. 36.1 Chronic or recurrent rectal pain. 1. Pain present for at least 6 months is required for a diagnosis of functional anorectal pain syndrome. Pain associated with bowel movements,…
