Pyeloplasty
N Mean age Mean follow up (mo) OR time (min) Hospital LOS (d) Complications Success rates (%) Definition of success Song et al. 2017 [16] LP RAP 30 10…
and Robotic Access
Fig. 1.1 (a) Veress tip—spring-loaded inner core retracts once the tip of the Veress needle traverses the muscle and enters the abdominal cavity. (b) Veress placement. Holding the Veress securely…
Alternative Treatments for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Fig. 18.1 Dispersion of steam ablation zone of the prostate with convective water vapor energy ablation. (Courtesy of Boston Scientific, Maple Grove, MN, USA) In a multicenter, randomized, controlled study,…
Management of Large Renal Calculi (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy)
Fig. 12.1 Bird’s-eye view of the surgical suit equipment and personnel setup Two chest rolls are placed longitudinally along the anterior axillary line. The diameter of these rolls should allow…
Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
Fig. 17.1 AquaBeam® Robotic System components: (a) rolling equipment stand; (b) conformal planning unit (CPU; monitor), console, motorpack, robotic handpiece articulating arm, TRUS articulating arm; (c) robotic handpiece; (d) catheter…
17. Hemodialysis
Fig. 17.1 Diffusion across a semipermeable membrane. The driving force for solute diffusion is the transmembrane concentration gradient. Small solutes with higher concentrations in the blood compartment, such as potassium,…
Kidney Disease
Classification Systolic BP (mmHg) Diastolic BP (mmHg) Normal <120 AND <80 Prehypertension 120–139 OR 80–89 Stage I HTN 140–159 OR 90–99 Stage II HTN ≥160 OR ≥100 BP classification was…
Kidney Disease
Condition Urinary ACR (mg/g) Terms Normoalbuminuria <30 Normally to mildly increased Microalbuminuria 30–300 Moderately increased Macroalbuminuria/overt proteinuria >300 Severely increased ACR albumin-to-creatinine ratio Proteinuria, first characterized by Kimmelstiel and Wilson…
Image Techniques in Chronic Kidney Disease
Fig. 8.1 Clinical usage of magnetic resonance imaging. DCE dynamic contrast-enhanced; ASL arterial spin labeling; DWI diffusion-weighted imaging; DTI diffusion tensor imaging; BOLD blood oxygen level-dependent; MRE magnetic resonance elastography;…
