Chapter 15 – Coeliac Disease
Abstract Coeliac disease (CD) is a chronic, immune-mediated condition caused by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The prevalence of CD in the general population is estimated at…
Chapter 16 – Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) typically involves the large bowel, small bowel (ileum / jejunum), or both. Involvement of the upper GI tract is less common, although its frequency is…
Chapter 13 – Types of Gastritis
Abstract A wide variety of insults including infectious agents, medications and endogenous and environmental chemical substances may cause injury to the gastric mucosa. This may take the form of inflammation…
Chapter 24 – Approach to Reporting Inflammatory Bowel Disease Biopsies
Abstract Gastrointestinal biopsies comprise a substantial minority of the workload of most histopathology departments. Assessment of IBD, whether new or longstanding, is among the more challenging tasks that face pathologists….
Chapter 6 – Gastrointestinal Ischemia and Vascular Disorders
Abstract Vascular disorders of the gastrointestinal tract range from non-symptomatic lesions to acute life-threatening disorders. Generally, they can be classified as ischemic or bleeding, although this is often a superficial…
Chapter 11 – Infections of the Oesophagus and Rare Forms of Oesophagitis
Abstract The recognition of specific oesophageal infections and the distinction between gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and rarer forms of oesophagitis are key tasks for gastrointestinal pathologists reading mucosal biopsies. Infections can…
Chapter 14 – Duodenitis
Abstract A common clinical indication for duodenal biopsy is the exclusion of coeliac disease / gluten sensitive enteropathy. However, a variety of inflammatory and infectious disorders may affect the duodenum,…
Chapter 12 – Assessment of Gastric Biopsies
Abstract Biopsies of gastric mucosa, obtained at endoscopy, are common in routine pathology practice. The material ranges from single random biopsies of macroscopically normal or near-normal mucosa to detailed series…
Chapter 3 – Radiation and the Gastrointestinal Tract
Abstract Therapeutic radiation for cancer is more than 100 years old. Side effects constitute the main limitation to its use. Side effects may be acute or chronic, but these categories…
Chapter 8 – Gastrointestinal Dysplasia
Abstract The term “dysplasia” refers to “an unequivocal neoplastic epithelial alteration without invasive growth”. The term “intraepithelial neoplasia” often replaces “dysplasia” in World Health Organisation (WHO) guidance. Dysplasia is a…
