Renal Fusion and Ectopia
Renal Fusion and Ectopia ROSS M. DECTER AMY S. BURNS Abnormalities of renal position and fusion predispose to infection, hydronephrosis, stone disease, and, in some instances, neoplasia. Although clinical problems…
Vesical Neck Reconstruction
Vesical Neck Reconstruction JOHN C. POPE IV JOHN H. MAKARI Prior to toilet training, the functions of the lower urinary tract include storage of urine at low pressure and good…
Pyeloplasty
Pyeloplasty MEGAN S. SCHOBER KEVIN M. FEBER EVAN J. KASS Improved antenatal ultrasonography techniques have clearly been a factor in identifying collecting system dilation in the neonatal period. Obstruction is…
Prune Belly (Triad) Syndrome
Prune Belly (Triad) Syndrome DAVID B. JOSEPH Triad syndrome—the clinical association of a thin flaccid abdominal wall, undescended testes, and bladder hypertrophy with hydroureters—was originally described in 1895 by Parker…
Megaureter
Megaureter CHRISTOPHER J. LONG J. CHRISTOPHER AUSTIN DOUGLAS A. CANNING Megaureter is a relatively rare congenital anomaly of the urinary tract. We define a megaureter as having a diameter that…
Ureteroceles
Ureteroceles RICHARD N. YU CHESTER J. KOH DAVID A. DIAMOND Ureteroceles are congenital cystic dilations of the intravesical submucosal ureter. They are more commonly found in female children and are…
Colonic Orthotopic Bladder Substitution
Colonic Orthotopic Bladder Substitution JOACHIM W. THÜROFF LUDGER FRANZARING Orthotopic bladder substitution can be realized from ileum only or from colonic segments either alone (1,2) or in combination with small…
Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux
Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux ANGELA M. ARLEN ANDREW J. KIRSCH Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract and is…
Transureteroureterostomy
Transureteroureterostomy AARON D. MARTIN H. GIL RUSHTON Ureteral surgery and various conditions, including trauma, stricture, neoplasm, or a previous failed surgical procedure, can render a ureter inadequate for successful ureteroureterostomy…
Continent Catheterizable Reservoir Made From Ileum
Continent Catheterizable Reservoir Made From Ileum HASSAN ABOL-ENEIN MOHAMED A. GHONEIM A substantial number of techniques have been described for the creation of continent cutaneous urinary reservoirs. For construction of…
