Abdominal Key

Fig. 19.1 Z-shaped transumbilical skin incision . In order to decrease stretching at the skin level with the single-incision access device, a 3–4 cm. Z-shaped transumbilical incision was made instead…

Fig. 6.1 Hybrid technique versus totally robotic technique Hybrid Technique Hybrid technique was adopted during the early stages of robotic rectal surgery and has been the most widely used procedure…

Fig. 1.1 Kurt Semm (1927–2003) Fig. 1.2 Kurt Semm’s diagram proposing a laparoscopic approach for an appendectomy Fig. 1.3 Georg Kelling’s apparatus for obtaining abdominal air insufflation Fig. 1.4 Georg…

Fig. 8.1 Parallel docking Only three arms are used in these techniques, one for the camera and two to operate. The fourth arm should be positioned away from the surgical…

Study (year) RALS vs. LAP Procedure Benefit of RALS? Total cost (RALS)≠ Total cost (Lap)≠ Difference Delaney (2003) 6 vs. 6 RH, SC, RP No $3721a $2946a $776a Rawlings (2007)…

Fig. 7.1 OR setup and patient preparation—right and proximal transverse colon . Patient is placed in lithotomy position with right side tilt in mild reverse Trendelenburg. The robotic second arm…

Fig 14.1 Front view of the lower abdomen and the pelvis illustrating the course of the superior hypogastric plexus and of the hypogastric nerves Fig 14.2 Lateral view of the…

Fig. 17.1 Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification of endometriosis From a clinical standpoint, endometriosis is distinguished by three distinct manifestations: (1) superficial endometriosis, (2) ovarian endometriomas, and (3)…