Colon and Rectum
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK 8.1 Rectal Examination The importance of the rectal examination cannot be over-stressed: it should ideally form part of every…
Liver Imaging and Manometry
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK The anatomy of the liver and spleen and the physiology of the portal circulation can be investigated in numerous…
Liver Biochemistry
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK Many advances in our knowledge about liver disease have followed the wider use of liver biopsy, and development of…
Small Intestine
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK The function of the small bowel can be evaluated by clinical tests of absorption (Chap. 7). Intestinal biopsy, bacteriology,…
Ascites and the Peritoneum
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK The aetiology of ascites may be obvious from the history and physical examination. However, it is generally necessary to…
Helicobacter pylori
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK 1.1 Introduction The discovery of the presence of this organism in many human stomachs and its association with disease…
Stool Examination
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK It is no longer fashionable for clinicians to make a detailed inspection of the stool. Usually more is gained…
Intubation
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK The passage of various forms of nasogastric, duodenal and intestinal tubes is basic to many of the diagnostic procedures…
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
and Ian A. D. Bouchier2 (1) Bishop Auckland, UK (2) Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK Bleeding from the alimentary tract is an important manifestation of gastrointestinal disease. It may present as an unexplained anaemia,…
