Fig. 21.1 Hypothetical scheme of ammonia-HE-induced astrocyte swelling. Note the interconversion between ammonia and glutamine and that both result in the formation of ROS. While the role of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4)…
Component Purpose Specific elements Physical assessment Determine general nutrition condition including fat and muscle stores and fluid retention Is the patient of appropriate weight for stature? Does the patient have…
Cytokine Source Role in fibrogenesis TGF-β1 Main source is HSCs (autocrine loop). Other source: KCs, Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatocytes [32] Smad3 signaling to activate HSCs [33] Expression of…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Bijan Eghtesad and John Fung (eds.)Surgical Procedures on the Cirrhotic Patient10.1007/978-3-319-52396-5_25 25. Ophthalmic Surgery in Cirrhosis Jila Noori1 and Andrew W. Eller2 (1) The Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical…
Fig. 24.1 Postoperative bleeding 2 days after three teeth were extracted on a patient who was on the waiting for a liver transplant for hepatitis C. The area was reopened,…
Immediate complications Early complications Late complication Desaturation Bleeding Airway stenosis Stroke Mucous plug Granulation tissue Pneumothorax Infection/Tracheitis Tracheoinnominate fistula Severe blood loss Accidental decannulation Tracheoesophageal fistula Tracheomalacia Aspiration Intraoperative complications…
Study n Child–Pugh Class MELD score Pulmonary resection Morbidity Mortality (operative) Late outcome Iwasaki et al. [14] 17 Class A: 4 Class B: 13 N/A Lobectomies = 11 Pneumnectomies =…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Bijan Eghtesad and John Fung (eds.)Surgical Procedures on the Cirrhotic Patient10.1007/978-3-319-52396-5_19 19. Cardiac Surgical Procedures in Patients with Cirrhosis Ahmad Zeeshan1, 2 and Nicholas Smedira1, 2 (1) Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Bijan Eghtesad and John Fung (eds.)Surgical Procedures on the Cirrhotic Patient10.1007/978-3-319-52396-5_18 18. Gynecological Procedures and Pregnancy in Women with Liver Cirrhosis Uma Perni1 , Haider Mahdi2 and Tommaso Falcone3 (1) Section of Maternal-Fetal Medicine,…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Bijan Eghtesad and John Fung (eds.)Surgical Procedures on the Cirrhotic Patient10.1007/978-3-319-52396-5_17 17. Kidney Transplantation in Cirrhotic Patients Antonios Arvelakis1 , Sander Florman1 and Ron Shapiro1 (1) Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Mount Sinai Hospital, One…
