Drug/therapy Dosage Efficacy proven in controlled trials Cholestyramine 4–16 g/day (PO) Rifampicin 300–600 mg/day (PO) adult 10 mg/kg/day (PO) child Naltrexone 25–50 mg/day (PO) Naloxone 0.2 μg/kg/min (IV) Sertraline 75–100…
Anabolic steroids, estrogens Amoxicillin–clavulanic acid Azathioprine Cetirizine Chlorpromazine Cyclosporin Dapsone Diltiazem Erythromycin Fenofibrate Floxuridine Gold salts Infliximab Itraconazole Metolazone Nitrofurantoin Oral contraceptives Phenytoin Rifampicin Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole 5-Fluorouracil or floxuridine A history…
Cholestatic (%) Mixed (%) Hepatocellular (%) Bjornsson and Olsson [13] 26 22 52 De Valle et al. [16] 40 12 48 Andrade et al. [14] 20 22 58 Chalasani…
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Rubin et al. [59] Portal inflammation and bile duct injury Proliferation and destruction of bile ductules Cirrhosis Scheuer [60] Florid duct…
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014Elizabeth J. Carey and Keith D. Lindor (eds.)Cholestatic Liver DiseaseClinical Gastroenterology10.1007/978-1-4939-1013-7_6 6. Rare Causes of Cholestasis Tamir Miloh1 and Ozlem Pinar Bulut2 (1) Pediatrics Department, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, 1919 E. Thomas Road,…
Fig. 17.1 Da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA). The system consists of the tower, surgeon console, and robotic instrument. The camera arm cradles a 12- or 8-mm…
Fig. 19.1 Equipment for a robotic total hysterectomy includes foam egg crate padding to prevent slippage 19.2.2 Equipment and Robotic Column Two monitors, being held by ceiling booms, are located…
eNOTES Embryonic natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery LESS Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery NOTUS Natural orifice transumbilical surgery OPUS One-port umbilical surgery SAS Single-access site laparoscopic surgery SILS Single-incision laparoscopic surgery SPA…
Fig. 4.1 Egg crate mattress Fig. 4.2 Trendelenburg position The patient is then fitted with a uterine manipulator to allow for greater movement and fewer ports to achieve the desired…
Fig. 1.1 Supine abdomen with osseus and nonosseus landmarks Fig. 1.2 The effect of increasing weight on anterior abdominal wall anatomy. These sagittal views illustrate that as a patient’s body…
