Key points • Despite several consensus guidelines proposed by various interest groups in recent years, a concise definition of urinary tract infection and associated symptoms does not exist. • Results…
Key points • Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is defined by the presence of bacteria in an uncontaminated urine specimen collected from a patient without signs or symptoms referable to the urinary…
Key points • Given the high false-positive rate of urinary tests it is important to test a population with a high pretest probability of infection. • The sensitivity and specificity…
Key points • Antimicrobial choice in pregnancy should reflect safety for both the mother and the fetus. • During pregnancy, asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) significantly increases the risk of pyelonephritis and…
Key points • Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and public health risk. • Since 2011 the incidence of primary and secondary syphilis is…
Worldwide prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is rapidly increasing, primarily a result of antibiotic misuse in the medical community. Resistant infections involving the urinary tract are typically caused by gram-negative bacteria….
Key points • Improved design and understanding of infections has lowered infection rates associated with penile prostheses (PPs) and artificial sphincters. • Treatment of infection consists of immediate removal and…
Infected kidney stones refer to stones that form because of urinary tract infections with urease-producing bacteria, secondarily infected stones of any composition, or stones obstructing the urinary tract leading to…
Funguria, and particularly candiduria, is an increasingly common problem encountered by the practicing urologist and is associated with high-acuity care, indwelling catheters, diabetes mellitus, antibiotic and steroid use, and urinary…
Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSP) remains the primary procedure for the accurate histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are still recommended as the agents of choice for…
