Candiduria is a common condition particularly in patients with diabetes, urinary catheters, or recent antibiotics or steroids, or in those who were recently hospitalized.

Asymptomatic candiduria does not typically necessitate antifungal treatment, although workup and modification of candiduria risk factors are important.

For symptomatic patients, fluconazole is the mainstay of therapy because it readily accumulates in high levels in the urine. Almost all cases of Candida cystitis can be treated with fluconazole.

Care must be taken in treating patients with candiduria with nephrolithiasis or fungal bezoars, because urinary tract manipulation or failure to drain obstructed systems can lead to Candida pyelonephritis or candidemia.

Noncandidal funguria is very rare and mostly occurs in patients who are severely immunocompromised.