Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent diagnosis in children who are referred to the urologist. Although most infections will resolve without complication after appropriate treatment, a wide array of potential…
Initial care of newborns with spina bifida centers on preventing bladder and upper tract damage from detrusor leak point pressure of greater than 40 cm H 2 O. The authors…
Cryptorchidism is a common genital anomaly diagnosed at birth or during childhood. Genetic and/or environmental factors that alter expression or function of hormones crucial for testicular descent, insulin-like 3, and…
Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital defects in humans. The molecular events required in the genitourinary tract for normal development of the external genitalia are just beginning to…
Antenatal sonography has markedly increased the detection of urogenital anomalies, including those conditions that lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Prenatal intervention is feasible to arrest and sometimes reverse the…
