(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy There are two principal methods of invasive urodynamic investigation: Conventional urodynamics Ambulatory urodynamics Conventional urodynamics usually take place in…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy Classically, noninvasive urodynamics include uroflowmetry and post-void residual assessment. 6.1 Uroflowmetry 6.1.1 Definition Flow is defined by the fluid…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy Electromyography (EMG) is a study of bioelectrical activity of striated muscles. The unit of measure is in microvolts (µV)….
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy There are several standardized validated questionnaire to aid the clinician in evaluating lower urinary tract symptoms, degree of bother,…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy The urethral pressure profile (UPP) is a graph indicating the intraluminal pressure along the length of the urethra from…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy Conventional urodynamics is a “nonphysiological” test, since it involves a retrograde rapid filling of the bladder in a laboratory…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy Urodynamics of upper urinary tract is often synonymous with the assessment of upper urinary tract dilatation without apparent cause…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy Physical examination in general should evaluate mental status, body mass index, mobility, physical dexterity, and abnormal gait. More specifically,…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy Videourodynamic studies consist of the simultaneous measurement of multichannel urodynamic parameters with imaging (fluoroscopy) of the lower urinary tract…
(1) Functional Urology Unit, Casa Madre Fortunata Toniolo, Bologna, Italy 1.1 What Is Urodynamics? Urodynamics is the study of the function of the lower urinary tract, e.g., bladder and…
