Type of investigation Area of focus Clinical utility of investigation Urinalysis Urine sample To indicate the presence of an infection Semen analysis Semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and sperm…
Fig. 13.1 a, b Anatomy of the penis. © CCF 2003, 2005. Reprinted with permission The International Society of Impotence Research has classified ED broadly into organic and psychogenic ED [9]…
Fig. 1.1 Diagram representing the appearance of a Prader and b Rochester orchidometers Semen Analysis Semen analysis is the initial and single most important test in male fertility evaluation. Although it…
Karyotype distribution Klinefelter syndrome patients 47XXY 3863 (86.3%) 46XY/47XXY 383 (8.5%) 48XXXY 157 (3.5%) 49XXXXY 66 (1.5%) 48,XXY + trisomy of chromosome 18 5 (0.1%) 47,XXY/48,XXXY 2 (<0.01%) Undetermined 1 (0 < 0.01%) The…
Fig. 4.1 Testosterone synthesis Transport Only 2% of testosterone circulates free in the blood while 44% is bound to sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and 54% bound to albumin. Testosterone must…
Parameter WHO 2010 lower reference limits (95% CI) WHO manual (1999) cutoff points Semen volume (ml) 1.5 (1.4–1.7) ≥2 ml or more Total sperm number (106 per ejaculate) 39 (33–46) ≥40…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Nabil Aziz and Ashok Agarwal (eds.)The Diagnosis and Treatment of Male Infertility10.1007/978-3-319-56547-7_15 15. Establishing and Managing a Sperm Bank Grace M. Centola1 (1) Reproductive Laboratory and Tissue Bank Consultant, Port St Lucie,…
Type of injury Ejaculation rate (%) Complete upper motor neuron Incomplete upper motor neuron Complete lower motor neuron Incomplete lower motor neuron 4–11 32 18 70 Disruption of the reflex…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Nabil Aziz and Ashok Agarwal (eds.)The Diagnosis and Treatment of Male Infertility10.1007/978-3-319-56547-7_12 12. Varicocele: Surgical Intervention Versus Assisted Conception Nicholas N. Tadros1 and Edmund SabaneghJr.2 (1) Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, 4968 Oakridge…
Advantages Disadvantages PESA • Fast • Low cost • Possibly office/outpatient procedure • Minimal recovery and morbidity • Repeatable • No microsurgical skill and instruments required • Few sperm…
