Abdominal Key

Potpourri ARGON PLASMA COAGULATION (APC) THERAPY General recommendations for setting (Do not use with pacemaker) Condition Probe (mm) Wattage (W) Gas Flow (L/min) XRT Proctitis 3.2 65 1.5 GAVE 3.2…

Variceal Bleeding (Gastrointest Endosc 2005;62:651-5. NEJM 2001;345:669-81) DEFINITION: Bleeding from varices For Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy (PHG) and Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE), See also GI Bleed- UGIB & LGIB (Chapter…

Upper & Lower GI Bleeding (Gastrointest Endosc 2005;62:656-60 & 2004;60:497-504. Ann Intern Med 2003; 843-857.) DEFINITION: Intraluminal blood loss anywhere from the oropharynx to the anus (i.e. mouth to butt)…

Occult & Obscure Bleeding (Gastroenterol 2000;118:197-200 & 201-21) DEFINITION: Occult: bleeding that is not visible or hidden and is manifested by positive fecal occult blood testing or iron deficiency anemia…

Diverticular Bleeding DEFINITION: Bleeding diverticulum; See also Bowel- Diverticulosis & Diverticulitis (Chapter 2.14) EPIDEMIOLOGY: Those with diverticulosis will develop diverticular bleeding 3-5% of the time After angiodysplasia, diverticula hemorrhage is…

Acute GI Bleed Pearls (Gastrointest Endosc 2004;60:497-504) PRE-ENDOSCOPY Questions to ask: Nature and duration of bleed: When did it start? First time/Recurrent? Symptoms: Fever, Pain, Dyspepsia, Hematemesis/Coffee grounds, Hematachezia/Melena/BRBPR, Clots…

Potpourri PANCREAS ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Anatomy Retroperitoneal, between L4-5 spine Arterial supply: gastroduodenal, SMA, splenic; Venous drainage: portal & splenic; Nerves: vagal (stimulatory), sympathetic (inhibitory) Note thrombosis of the splenic…

Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction DEFINITION: The Sphincter of Oddi (SO) is a fibromuscular sheath that encircles the terminal portion of the common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and common channel in…

Pancreatitis: Chronic DEFINITION: Chronic Pancreatic (CP) implies the presence of parenchymal fibrosis, and loss of glandular function Marseilles-Rome/Sarles classification: Lithogenic (Calcifying) CP: Largest group, ETOH is leading cause and is…

Pancreatitis: Acute (Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101:2379-2400 & 1997;92:377-86. N Engl J Med 2006;354:2142-50. J Hepatobil Pancreat Surg 2006;13:56-60) DEFINITION: Acute pancreatitis: inflammatory condition of the pancreas that may extend to…