13: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Overall Bottom Line PBC is a slowly progressive autoimmune liver disease that causes destruction to the small- and medium-sized intrahepatic bile ducts. Most patients with PBC are diagnosed after abnormal…
24: Portopulmonary Hypertension
Overall Bottom Line PPHTN is the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the setting of portal hypertension. The cause is unknown but appears to be related to cytokine-induced remodeling of…
33: Nutrition in Liver Diseases
Overall Bottom Line The risk of malnutrition is shown to correlate with severity of disease in cirrhotic patients. PEM is frequently found in decompensated cirrhotic patients at the time of…
15: Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Overall Bottom Line HH is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the HFE gene leading to increased iron absorption and deposition of iron in various organs, including the…
6: Hepatitis C: Diagnosis, Management and Treatment
Overall Bottom Line HCV is a major healthcare problem with an estimated 180 million people affected worldwide. It remains a leading cause for liver transplantation in the USA and accounts…
20: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Overall Bottom Line SBP is observed predominantly in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Gram-negative aerobic bacteria are causative in approximately 80% of patients, anaerobic bacteria occur in no more than 5%…
10: Alcoholic Hepatitis
Overall Bottom Line AH represents a clinicopathologic spectrum of liver disease, ranging from mild to a severe, life-threatening injury in patients who drink to excess. AH is typically characterized by…
3: Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Overall Bottom Line DILI is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the USA. DILI can be caused by prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, hormones, herbs, illicit (“recreational”)…
11: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Overall Bottom Line NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of disease conditions ranging from simple steatosis to NASH which may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Many patients who previously were labeled…
12: Autoimmune Hepatitis and Overlap Syndromes
Overall Bottom Line AIH is characterized by immune-mediated destruction of hepatocytes leading to either acute liver failure or chronic liver disease. AIH is most often confused with drug-induced liver disease….
