Surgical Ventricular Remodeling

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Surgical Ventricular Remodeling

Key Concepts Print Section Listen Epidemiology Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the most prevalent medical problem in Western society as the leading cause of death in the United States. Ischemic…

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Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms

Key Concepts Print Section Listen Epidemiology Thoracoabdominal aneurysms (TAAs) develop in patients with atherosclerotic disease, chronic aortic dissection, and connective tissue disorders (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehler–Danlos syndrome). Pathophysiology Pathologic processes…

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Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Key Concepts Print Section Listen Innovations in alternative methods for cannulation and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), new visualization systems, retractors and stabilizers, and robotic platforms have facilitated the development of minimally…

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Endovascular Repair of Thoracic Aortic Pathology

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Endovascular Repair of Thoracic Aortic Pathology

Key Concepts Print Section Listen Traditional open surgical repair of thoracic aortic disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Endovascular stent-graft therapies have emerged as a minimally invasive approach…

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Pacemaker and Defibrillator Therapy in Cardiac Surgery Patients

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Pacemaker and Defibrillator Therapy in Cardiac Surgery Patients

Key Concepts Print Section Listen Pacemaker therapy effectively treats bradycardia-related symptoms for patients with sinus node dysfunction, advanced atrioventricular (AV) block, and in some instances carotid sinus hypersensitivity. Conduction disturbance…

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Cardiac Catheterization and Interventions

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Cardiac Catheterization and Interventions

Key Concepts Print Section Listen The most common complications of cardiac catheterization include groin complications (0.43 percent) such as hematomas, retroperitoneal bleeding, pseudoaneurysm, and arteriovenous fistulas. Other complications include contrast…

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Primary Cardiac Tumors

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Primary Cardiac Tumors

Key Concepts Print Section Listen Epidemiology Primary cardiac tumors are rare with an overall incidence of 0.02 percent. Malignant tumors metastatic to the heart are much more common with an…

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The Immunobiology of Thoracic Transplantation

Jan 14, 2019 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on The Immunobiology of Thoracic Transplantation

Key Concepts Print Section Listen The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) consists of a genomic region that encodes a large and diverse group of proteins that are expressed on all cells….

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