Congenital biliary tract anomalies typically present with neonatal cholestasis. In children and adults, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound are used to evaluate and treat choledochal cysts. Contrarily, endoscopy…
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is complicated by bile duct injury in 0.3% to 0.6% of cases. These injuries range from simple leaks from the cystic duct stump that can almost always…
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in surgically altered anatomy can be technically challenging, because of three main problems that must be overcome: (1) endoscopically traversing the altered luminal anatomy, (2) cannulating…
Biliary complications occur after liver transplantation. These complications can be effectively and safely managed using endoscopic approaches and can prevent unnecessary and potentially morbid surgery. Key points • Management of…
Acute cholecystitis is a commonly encountered medical emergency that is managed surgically with excellent results. Recent experiences with endoscopic cystic duct stent placement and cholecystectomy using the NOTES (Natural Orifice…
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is currently the standard of care for biliary drainage. In the hands of experienced endoscopists, conventional ERCP has a failed cannulation rate of 3% to 5%….
Since its original description by Oddi in 1887, the sphincter of Oddi has been the subject of much study. Furthermore, the clinical syndrome of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) and…
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a therapeutic procedure with the potential for a variety of adverse events, including acute pancreatitis, perforation, bleeding, and cardiopulmonary complications, which are well-established risk factors….
Adenoma and adenocarcinoma are the most common ampullary lesions. Advances in diagnostic modalities including endoscopic ultrasonography and intraductal ultrasonography have provided useful information that aids in diagnosing and managing ampullary…
Malignant biliary obstruction can arise from intrahepatic, extrahepatic, and hilar locations from either primary or metastatic disease. Biliary-enteric surgical bypass has been surpassed in the last 20 years by endoscopic…
