Abdominal Key

Stool frequency >3 bowel movements daily Stool weight >200 g of stool daily Stool form Bristol stool type 6 (mushy) or 7 (watery) Functional diarrhea Loose (mushy) or watery stools…

Abdominal bloating Subjective sensation of excessive gas/flatulence, fullness, abdominal hardness or tightness or the feeling of abdominal inflation or swelling Abdominal distension Actual increase in abdominal girth Functional abdominal bloating…

Fig. 2.1 Endoscopic image of eosinophilic esophagitis. From Moawad FJ, Beerappan GR, Wong RK. Eosinophilic esophagitis. 2009;54(9):1818–28; with permission Case Study 2 A 76-year-old woman with a history of stroke,…

Differential diagnosis (a) Retained bile duct stone (b) Recurrent bile duct stone (c) Remnant gallbladder (d) Remnant duct cystic (e) Bile duct injury (leak, ligature, or stricture) (f) Spillage of stones (g) Papillary stenosis (h) Sphincter of Oddi…

Chronic proctalgia Diagnostic criteria a must include all of the following: • Chronic or recurrent rectal pain or aching • Episodes last minutes or longer • Exclusion of other causes…

and Michael Camilleri1 (1) Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Charlton 8, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA   Case Study A 47-year-old woman was referred for further evaluation…

Condition Definition Gastroesophageal reflux disease A condition that develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms and/or complications Reflux esophagitis Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease with endoscopic or…

Fig. 5.1 Impedance monitoring tracing during a supra-gastric belch demonstrates a pattern of rapid increase from the proximal to the distal esophagus followed by a retrograde decline In addition to…

Rome III IBS diagnostic criteria and IBS subtypes Criteria need to be fulfilled for the last 3 months with symptom onset at least 6 months prior to diagnosis IBS is…