Abdominal Key

Fig. 14.1 The position of the patient and the operative team 14.2.2 Port Placement Figure 14.2 illustrates the position of trocars, which follow a “V” configuration. While the patient is…

Fig. 17.1 Left lateral decubitus positioning for thoracoscopy We employ a four-port or five-port thoracoscopy, minimizing the use of 10-mm trocars to decrease the risk of intercostal nerve bundle injury…

Fig. 16.1 (a) Conventional chest x-ray demonstrating a history of sternotomy for coronary bypass surgery, as well as previous placement of a cardiac pacemaker. (b) Endoscopy (upper left) showing ulcerated…

Fig. 6.1 (a) Barium swallow shows 3-cm sliding hiatal hernia. (b) High-resolution esophageal manometry shows hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and normal esophageal peristalsis. (c) On ambulatory pH monitoring, two…

Fig. 18.1 Position of the operating team around the operating table Fig. 18.2 Placement of trocars The gastrohepatic ligament is divided, beginning the dissection above the caudate lobe of the…

Fig. 13.1 Setup of the operating room 13.2.2 Ports and Instruments Five trocars (Fig. 13.2) are used for the procedure: Trocar 1: Placed 14 cm inferior to the xiphoid process…

Fig. 2.1 Normal barium swallow Fig. 2.2 Barium swallow. Sliding hiatal hernia Fig. 2.3 Barium swallow. Sliding hiatal hernia Fig. 2.4 Barium swallow. Paraesophageal hernia Fig. 2.5 Barium swallow. Paraesophageal…

Fig. 8.1 Hiatal hernia viewed on upper endoscopy Fig. 8.2 Healed Cameron’s ulcer on upper endoscopy 8.1.2 Operation 8.1.2.1 Patient Positioning Place the patient in a supine position with both…

Fig. 3.1 Normal esophagus: whitish pink mucosa and branching vessels aligned as a network in the horizontal plane Fig. 3.2 Reflux esophagitis: one or more mucosal breaks less than 5…

Fig. 9.1 Barium swallow showing distal esophageal narrowing, an air-fluid level, and very slow emptying of barium from the esophagus into the stomach Fig. 9.2 Endoscopy showing retained food in…