© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Michael Grasso III and Demetrius H. Bagley (eds.)Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma10.1007/978-3-319-13869-5_5 5. Surgical Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma– Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Approaches to Nephroureterectomy and Outcomes Marc J. Mann1,…
Group (year) Patients (renal units) Route Initial positive response Recurrence Follow up (months) Side effects/complications Studer [14] (1989) 8 (10) Antegrade 4/8 (50 %) 2/8 (25 %) 18–28 Life-threatening septicaemia…
24. Sternberg CN, De Mulder PHM, Schornagel JH, Théodore C, Fossa SD, Van Oosterom AT, Witjes F, Spina M, Van Groeningen CJ, de Balincourt C, Collette L, For the European…
Fig. 13.1 Open surgical approach to the S3 foramen Fig. 13.2 Sacral electrode fixed to the fascia of the gluteus maximum The procedure was made easier and reliable by Spinelli…
Fig. 15.1 X-ray showing lead insertion position Fig. 15.2 Diagrammatic view of lead puncture insertion position This technique is recommended to stay clear of veins and arteries and to avoid…
Superficial position in the medial aspect of the upper thigh Main neurovascular bundle in the upper part of the muscle which can allow to free its body for all the…
Fig. 3.1 Neurotransmitter mechanisms regulating urinary bladder and EUS function. Distribution of different autonomic and somatic axons The afferent Aδ fibers, lightly myelinated, and the unmyelinated C fibers travel through…
Fig. 2.1 Comprehensive overview of the complex pelvic floor anatomy (caudal view) of a female (Reproduced with permission from Zijta et al. [5]) The piriformis and obturator internus muscles that…
Fig. 1.1 The Baghdad Battery (Parthian battery) from the village of Khuyut Rabbou’a, near Baghdad, Iraq (Reproduced with permission from W. Koenig, Im verlorenen Paradies, R. Rohrer, Baden b. Wien,…
Fig. 18.1 Blind Men and the Elephant by John Godfrey Saxe (1816–1887). The story of the blind men and an elephant has been used to illustrate a range of truths…
