Fig. 1.1 B-mode shows longitudinal section of a left kidney, with normal volume and echostructure and bipolar diameter of 11.3 cm In axial scans, acquired at the renal hilum, the…

Fig. 56.1 Preoperative arterial mapping. DUS allows thorough assessment of the arterial circulation of the arm based on morphological and functional parameters. Left: B-mode evaluates vessel diameter, wall thickness, wall…

Age >55 years (considering that ischemic nephropathy predominantly interests to age >55/60 years old) Positive family history for coronary disease (mainly in the male patients in the age >50 years…

Fig. 55.1 Images from a 59-year-old male with serum PSA 7.92 ng/mL, and one previous biopsy underwent an mp-MRI. The MRI demonstrated a PI-RADS 5 right posterior apex to mid-peripheral…

Fig 52.1 (a) Early phase (20 s after microbubbles injection) corticomedullary differentiation is evident due to the rapid and intense enhancement of the renal cortex. (b) Late phase (45 s…

Fig. 18.1 Anatomy of the male urethra The posterior urethra is composed of two anatomical segments: prostatic and membranous urethra. The prostatic urethra is almost entirely covered by the prostate…

Fig. 16.1 A stone in the subjunctional tract of the right ureter Fig. 16.2 A stone in the lumbar tract of the left ureter. The ureteral ectasia continues beyond the…

Fig. 58.1 Renal colic. The right kidney shows moderate hydronephrosis (a). The pelvis is enlarged (P) due to a stone (arrow) inside the proximal ureter (b) Fig. 58.2 Renal stone….

Fig. 38.1 B-mode transverse comparative scan is mandatory to compare size and echogenicity of both testes Transverse and longitudinal scans of epididymis (short and long axis) Longitudinal scan of inguinal…

Fig. 13.1 Local anesthesia 13.4.3 Radiological Guidance Biopsies can be performed under ultrasound, CT, or MRI guidance. The choice of the imaging guidance depends on the operator’s experience and habits,…