Very low riska PSA < 10  Gleason ≤ 6   PSAD < 0.015 & No pattern 4 or 5 & Clinical stage T1c < 50% cancer/core ≤ 2 positive coresb Low…

Fig. 6.1 Operating room setup using a three-armed or four-armed robotic technique Patient Preparation and Positioning The patient is placed under general endotracheal anesthesia and all intravenous lines, arterial lines,…

Fig. 33.1 Single-site access using SILS Port (Covidien, Minneapolis, MN) Fig. 33.2 Single-port access with GelPort (Applied Medical, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA) Single-site access involves the use of a single…

Fig. 23.1 Patient positioning. Hips are externally rotated and relevant landmarks are kept in view Trocar Placement As seen in Fig. 23.2, the camera port is about three fingerbreadths inferior…

Fig. 24.1 Insertion of nonconductive wire through fistula tract via cystoscopy Fig. 24.2 Mobilization of bladder off rectum Fig. 24.3 Identification of nonconductive wire through fistula Fig. 24.4 Transverse cystotomy…

Fig. 34.1 (a) Prototype dexterous manipulator robot deployed through sheath into bladder model (b) dexterous segment and end-effectors including laser, grasper, and fiberscope camera deployed. (c) Laser ablation of target…

Fig. 7.1 (a) Operative room set-up for right partial nephrectomy; (b) Operative room set-up for left partial nephrectomy Patient Positioning Under general endotracheal anesthesia , the patient is placed in…

Virtual reality simulators  Face validity Content validity Construct validity Concurrent validity Predictive validity Price Mimic dV-T + + + – – $85–100,000 Xperience Team Trainer n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a …

Fig. 28.1 Fasciotomies of both calves to successfully manage compartment syndrome after RARP The two common positions for the lower extremities during RARP include dorsal lithotomy position using stirrups and…