Patient Selection for Urinary Diversion
Diversion type Advantages Disadvantages All diversions Drain kidneys effectively Made out of own bowel tissue Mucous in urine Most are colonized with bacteria Risk of symptomatic infections Risk of kidney…
UROLOGY
Robot-Assisted Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Siamak Daneshmand (ed.)Urinary Diversion 10.1007/978-3-319-52186-2_5 5. Robot-Assisted Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion Ahmed A. Hussein1, 2 , Youssef E. Ahmed1 and Khurshid A. Guru1 (1) Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263,…
Biological Background of Testicular Autoimmunity
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 1.1 Introduction The process of sperm formation can be divided into three separate components: (1) spermatogenesis, the formation of…
Microcircumstance for Induction and Prevention of Testicular Autoimmunity
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 2.1 Introduction The major functions of the testis are spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. The histological structure of the adult testis…
Human Testicular Autoimmunity as a Result of Breakdown of Testicular Immune Privilege
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 3.1 Introduction The BTB physically divides the seminiferous epithelium into basal and adluminal compartments. Besides its function as an…
Testicular Autoimmunity by Immunization with Testicular Antigens Alone in Experimental Animals
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 4.1 Introduction of Autoimmune Orchitis in Experimental Animals Testicular autoimmunity in experimental animals can be divided into “spontaneous” and…
The Future Directions of Testicular Autoimmunity Investigation
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 8.1 Introduction It is noted that experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) can be induced without the use of any adjuvants…
Testicular Autoimmunity by Alteration of the Immune System in Experimental Animals
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 7.1 Introduction Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is not confined to animals that received artificial exposure to TGC autoantigens experimentally…
Testicular Autoimmunity by the Systemic Treatment with Immuno-Potentiating Agents in Experimental Animals
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 5.1 Introduction Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) can be induced by testicular antigens’ immunization with simultaneous treatments with adjuvants such…
Testicular Autoimmunity by Local Injury of the Testis in Experimental Animals
(1) Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan 6.1 Introduction Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) can be induced by various local factors in the testis, without depending on…
