Fig. 43.1 Ports positions for mitrofannoff Fig. 43.2 Initial view of appendix – assessed for feasibility for conduit channel Fig. 43.3 Window in mesoappendix preserving the appendicular artery Fig. 43.4…

Fig. 13.1 CT image showing staghorn calculus Fig. 13.2 Peritoneotomy over the kidney for bowel reflection Fig. 13.3 Right colon reflection in progress Fig. 13.4 Duodenum being kocherised Fig. 13.5…

Fig. 3.1 Positioning is important in retroperitoneoscopy. Patient is placed in 90° lateral position with kidney bridge elevation at the level of tip of 12th rib. It helps in opening…

Fig. 17.1 CT scan showing hooking of IVC by ureter Fig. 17.2 IVU showing Sea horse sign of retrocaval ureter Fig. 17.3 Right colon being reflected medially Fig. 17.4 Dilated…

Fig. 35.1 Cystogram of a neurogenic bladder with moderate capacity Fig. 35.2 Port position Fig. 35.3 Initial view of distended bladder Fig. 35.4 Peritoneum incised vertically Fig. 35.5 Peritoneum separated…

Fig. 52.1 (a, b) Schematic drawing of interfascial (a) and intrafascial nerve-sparing prostatectomy. Ef endopelvic fascia (this corresponds to the parietal layer of endopelvic fascia, i.e. levator ani fascia LAF),…

Fig. 22.1 Ports position for left reteroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy Fig. 22.2 Dissection medial to psoas shows ureter Fig. 22.3 Ureter dissected and bulge due to stone seen Fig. 22.4 Ureterotomy being…

Fig. 30.1 Supra-trigonal vesico-vaginal fistula showing well epethelized fistulous tract Fig 30.2 Cytoscopic placement of ureteric catheter through fistulous tract for easy identification Fig. 30.3 Port position for robotic-assisted vesico-vaginal…

Picture 65.1 Mimic dV-Trainer Picture 65.2 Simbionix RobotiX Mentor 65.4 Wet Lab Simulation Whilst live animal, cadaveric and animal tissue models have all been used in robotic surgical training, validation…

Fig. 1.1 Humanoid automaton, designed by Leonardo da Vinci, it is believed to be able to perform several human-like motions In the eighteenth century, miniature automatons became popular as toys…