Tufting Enteropathy
Tufting Enteropathy Tufting enteropathy is a chronic watery diarrhea syndrome presenting in the first few months of life. Rarely, the disease develops in older patients. Its etiology is unknown. The…
GASTROENTEROLOGY
Lymphocytic and Collagenous Enteritis
Lymphocytic and Collagenous Enteritis Lymphocytic duodenitis and enteritis are conditions in which the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes is increased in areas away from the lymphoid follicles. IELs are phenotypically heterogeneous….
Cow’s Milk Intolerance and Related Disorders
Cow’s Milk Intolerance and Related Disorders Adverse reactions to cow’s milk affect approximately 0.1% to 7.5% of children. Infants generally present at 1 week to 3 months of age with…
Radiation Injury
Radiation Injury The small intestine is more sensitive to radiation injury than is the large intestine. The degree of radiation damage reflects many factors (Table 6.11) (286). Patients who receive…
Histologic Features
Histologic Features General Structure Small intestinal epithelium is organized into two morphologic and functionally distinct compartments: The crypts of Lieberkühn and the villi. Villi that are unique to the adult…
Thermal Injury
Thermal Injury Erosive duodenitis and duodenal ulcers develop in severely burned patients (Fig. 6.126). The inflammatory lesions have an ischemic basis and their pathophysiology resembles that seen in stress ulcers….
Food-Associated Illnesses
Food-Associated Illnesses Patients with food-related complaints pose a diagnostic challenge to their physicians because it is often difficult to document the underlying nature of the offending agent(s). Patients tend to…
Drug Effects
Drug Effects Drugs affect small intestinal structure and function in many ways. They may act as direct mucosal toxins, inhibit mucosal enzymes, interfere with micelle formation, alter the physicochemical state…
Chronic Ulcerative Jejunitis
Chronic Ulcerative Jejunitis Numerous diseases cause small intestinal ulcers (Table 6.9). The rare disorder, chronic ulcerative jejunitis, also known as nongranulomatous chronic idiopathic enterocolitis and chronic ulcerative nongranulomatous jejunoileitis (251),…
Acquired Anatomic Variations
Acquired Anatomic Variations Duodenal Diverticula Duodenal diverticula are found in 1% to 6% of radiologic examinations and in an average of 8.6% of autopsies (147). They complicate peptic ulcer disease,…
