Dyslipidemia Leslie Cho POINTS TO REMEMBER There is a strong, independent, continuous, and graded relation between total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and risk of coronary events….

Acute Coronary Syndromes Hani Jneid A. Michael Lincoff The authors and editors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the previous author, Curtis M. Rimmerman M.D., on the development of this chapter….

Adult Congenital Heart Disease Abraham D. Abernethy Richard A. Krasuski POINTS TO REMEMBER There are two populations of adult congenital patients: those who have been managed and followed throughout their…

Arrhythmias Mina K. Chung POINTS TO REMEMBER The most common mechanism of tachyarrhythmias is reentry. Examples include atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) due to atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentry or reentrant…

Valvular Heart Disease Dermot Phelan Patrick Collier, Brian P. Griffin POINTS TO REMEMBER The heart comprises four valves, two atrioventricular valves (mitral on the left and tricuspid on the right)…

Clinical Electrocardiography Curtis M. Rimmerman POINTS TO REMEMBER The initial interpretive step for each electrocardiogram (ECG) is to identify atrial activity and determine the cardiac rhythm. A varying PR interval…

Coronary Artery Disease Michael D. Faulx POINTS TO REMEMBER Coronary artery disease (CAD)-related mortality is decreasing in the United States but it nonetheless remains the principal cause of death in…

Diarrhea and Malabsorption Yinghong Wang RAPID BOARD REVIEW—KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER Diarrhea Clinical clues Acute diarrhea (<4 weeks) is generally infectious in etiology. Presence of blood is a useful clue…

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Aaron Brzezinski POINTS TO REMEMBER It is estimated that approximately 1.5 million Americans have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The presentation of ulcerative colitis (UC) in children is…