Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis DEFINITION: Fibrous enlargement of the portal tracts with abnormally shaped bile ducts and no cirrhosis EPIDEMIOLOGY: Autosomal recessive; Most commonly presents in childhood, but can be diagnosed…
Cirrhosis & Encephalopathy DEFINITION: Fibrosis and nodular regeneration resulting from hepatocellular injury EPIDEMIOLOGY: Cirrhosis and chronic liver disease accounted for more than 25,000 deaths and 375,000 hospitalizations in 1998 ETIOLOGIES:…
Bacterial Peritonitis (Hepatology 2000;32:142-53) Type Ascites Cell Count/mm3 Ascites Culture Sterile <250 polys − SBP >250 polys + (one organism) (CNNA) Culture-neg Neutrocytic ascites >250 polys − (NNBA) Non-neutrocytic bacterascites…
Autoimmune Hepatitis (Hepatology 2002;36:479-97) DEFINITION: Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) is an unresolving inflammation of liver, unknown cause: Characterized by interface hepatitis (histology), autoantibodies & hypergammaglobulinemia (serum) Types of AIH: Features Type…
Ascites & Portal Hypertension (Hepatology 2004;39:1-16) DEFINITION: Accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity EPIDEMIOLOGY: More than 30% of patients with ascites have an ascitic fluid infection at the time…
Alcoholic Liver Disease (Am J Gastro 1998;93:2022-36) DEFINITION: Clinical spectrum includes fatty liver (occurs in days & is reversible), alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis; Only 20% of alcoholics develop the…
Acute Liver Failure (Fulminant Hepatic Failure) (Hepatology 2005;41:1179-97) DEFINITION: Acute hepatic disease + coagulopathy (INR >1.5) + encephalopathy (without a history of prior liver disease, except Wilson’s & AIH) Fulminant…
Abscess of Liver DEFINITION: Two types of liver abscess; Areas affected by either: Right lobe only (65%), Both lobes (30%), Left lobe only (5%) Pyogenic, usually arise from intraabdominal infections…
α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency DEFINITION: Deficiency in alpha-1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) characterized by liver and/or lung injury Other inheritable forms of liver disease: Hemochromatosis, Wilson’s EPIDEMIOLOGY: 1 in 2,000 is homozygous and 1 in…
