Special Considerations for Women with IBD
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), namely Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are common in Western society. Because at least half of the patients suffering from these diseases are women,…
GASTROENTEROLOGY
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the liver with a striking female preponderance. It has an insidious onset and typically affects middle-aged women. The disease manifests…
Hepatitis B in Pregnancy: Challenges and Treatment
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) during pregnancy presents unique management challenges. Varying aspects of care must be considered, including the effects of HBV on maternal and fetal health, effects of pregnancy…
Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy
Nausea and vomiting are common experiences in pregnancy, affecting 70% to 80% of all pregnant women. Various metabolic and neuromuscular factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of nausea and…
Liver Disease in Pregnancy
This article briefly discusses gestational physiologic changes and thereafter reviews liver diseases during pregnancy, which are divided into 3 main categories. The first category includes conditions that are unique to…
When to Reconsider the Diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by nonspecific symptoms that can mimic other common medical conditions. A careful history and physical examination may reveal clues that…
Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Women
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex clinical process with multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. There has recently been a shift in the treatment of patients with severe IBS symptoms to disease-modifying…
Alcoholic Hepatitis: Prognostic Models and Treatment
Severity scores for alcoholic hepatitis Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a distinct subset of patients with alcoholic liver disease and has a potential for high mortality within 3 to 6 months…
Long-Term Management of the Liver Transplant Recipient: Pearls for the Practicing Gastroenterologist
According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, from 1988 to 2010, the number of annual liver transplants has increased from 1713 to 6291. Patient survival rates…
Liver Transplantation in the 21st Century: Expanding the Donor Options
Liver transplantation has evolved since Dr. Thomas Starzl performed the first orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) over 4 decades ago. Advances in immunosuppressive therapy, medical management, surgical technique, and identification of…
