Chapter 23 OCCULT GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA KEY POINTS • The source of gastrointestinal bleeding is undetected in up to 30% of patients in whom adequate and timely…
Chapter 43 GRANULOMATOUS LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • The hallmark of granulomatous liver inflammation is the epithelioid granuloma. • The aetiology is multifactorial: infections (e.g. tuberculosis), sarcoidosis, primary biliary cirrhosis,…
Chapter 40 ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • Alcohol is one of the most common causes of liver disease—alcoholic liver disease (ALD). • The clinical and pathological spectrum of ALD…
Chapter 39 OBESITY AND ABNORMAL LIVER FUNCTION TESTS KEY POINTS • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of abnormal liver function tests in the Western world….
Chapter 38 CHRONIC NON-VIRAL HEPATITIS KEY POINTS • Chronic non-viral hepatitis is a clinicopathologic liver syndrome most commonly due to autoimmune hepatitis. • Other causes include cryptogenic hepatitis, and drug…
Chapter 11 MALABSORPTIVE DISORDERS AND COELIAC DISEASE KEY POINTS • Malabsorption may present with weight loss, bloating, diarrhoea and specific vitamin and nutrient deficiencies. • Identification of the underlying cause…
Chapter 37 SUSPECTED IRON OVERLOAD OR HIGH SERUM FERRITIN KEY POINTS • Iron is a component of a number of essential proteins. • Iron surplus to body needs is stored…
Chapter 33 LIVER BIOPSY KEY POINTS • Liver biopsy is frequently performed to assist in the diagnosis and staging of liver disease. • Since liver biopsy is an invasive procedure,…
Chapter 35 THE HEPATITIS C-POSITIVE PATIENT KEY POINTS • Hepatitis C is the leading cause for liver transplantation. • Specific viral nucleic acid testing is available to confirm the diagnosis…
Chapter 29 ANAESTHESIA FOR ENDOSCOPY KEY POINTS • Patients do not need a deep level of anaesthesia, only moderate sedation—drug-induced depression of consciousness. • A review of medications and results…
