Level Two The level two exercises continue the job of the level one programme and build an increasingly greater variety of movements. Overall trunk fitness is improved by further enhancing…

Foundation We begin abdominal training by establishing core stability and learning precise control of the lumbo-pelvis, the junction between the lower back and the pelvic region. The reason for this…

Level One The level one exercises build on the stable spine established by the foundation exercises, and introduce forces which challenge the trunk from various angles. In this way, stability…

Before We Start Warm-up Before starting an abdominal training session, it is vital to warm up. There are two main reasons for this: first, warming up can make sports injuries…

Trunk Exercise Dangers More than any other area in the body, the back is susceptible to injury through incorrect exercise. To prevent injury, we need to have an understanding of…

Posture Posture is simply the relationship or alignment between the various parts of the body. It is important from two standpoints. Firstly, good posture underlies all exercise techniques. Your posture…

Common Abdominal Exercises One of the aims of this book is to improve the standard of abdominal exercises by making exercises for this body part both safer and more effective….

Diet and Exercise People often begin using abdominal exercises in the hope of reducing their waistline; they join a local gym or exercise class and work hard for many months….

How the Spine Works Overview of the spinal column The human backbone, or spinal column, is made up of 33 individual bones. Each bone is called a vertebra (see fig….

Basic Concepts Of Abdominal Training Effective muscle strengthening For a muscle to become stronger, it must be worked harder than it would be in everyday activities. When it is, we…