Renal infections in cancer patients
Introduction Epidemiology Cancer patients are at a higher risk of infections with a mean annual incidence rate of 1465 cases per 100,000 cancer patients and a relative risk [RR] of…
Incidence of cancer and screening recommendations
Introduction The purpose of cancer screening is to identify treatable cancers early to improve survival. Effective cancer screening therefore depends on cancer occurrence and risk, the availability and effectiveness of…
Cancer in renal transplant patients
Introduction Renal transplantation remains the treatment of choice for eligible candidates with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), because it offers improved quality and increased quantity of life to these patients. In…
Chronic kidney disease as a complication of cancer, with special focus on kidney and urothelial tumors
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in cancer patients The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is reported to be high in patients with malignancy, being 33% and 27% according…
Renal replacement therapies
Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs commonly in cancer patients and independently increases morbidity and mortality. , Despite impressive gains in the understanding of the basic pathophysiologic principles underlying kidney…
Obstructive nephropathy in cancer
Introduction Acute and chronic renal impairment resulting from urinary tract obstruction is common among patients with cancer and not solely limited to patients with pelvic tumors. Unlike benign causes of…
Tuberous sclerosis complex and the kidney
Introduction Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an often underdiagnosed and misunderstood disease affecting more than one million patients worldwide. Disruptions in the TSC axis lead to cellular abnormalities that result…
Tumor lysis syndrome
Introduction Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) describes the series of metabolic events that result from the death of rapidly dividing cancer cells. When cancer cells die, either spontaneously or in response…
Evaluation of a renal cyst/mass
Introduction Epidemiology and risk factors Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the eighth most common malignancy in the world. According to the National Cancer Institute, in 2017 approximately 64,000 diagnoses were…
Acute kidney injury incidence, pathogenesis, and outcomes
Introduction Advances in therapy, risk stratification, and supportive care have improved survival of patients with cancer over the past 2 decades. Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a common complication of…
